Typical Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients
Refining Applications
Alkylatio
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Debutanizer Condenser | 75 | 90 |
| Debutanizer Reboiler (STM) | 85 | 100 |
| Deisobutanizer Feed Preheater (STM) | 75 | 100 |
| Deisobutanizer Condenser | 80 | 90 |
| Deisobutanizer Reboiler (STM) | 90 | 100 |
| Depropanizer Feed Preheater (STM) | 90 | 100 |
| Depropanizer Condenser | 90 | 100 |
| Depropanizer Reboiler (STM) | 75 | 95 |
| Depropanizer Feed/Btms Exchanger | 60 | 80 |
| Olefin Feed Chiller | 70 | 80 |
| Refrigeration Condenser | 90 | 100 |
| Rerun Tower Preheater (STM) | 60 | 80 |
| Rerun Tower Condenser | 65 | 80 |
| Rerun Tower Reboiler (STM) | 80 | 100 |
| Rerun Tower Bottoms Cooler | 50 | 70 |
Amine Treating
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Rich/Lean Amine Exchanger | 75 | 90 |
| Regenerator Condenser | 70 | 90 |
| Regenerator Reboiler (STM) | 100 | 120 |
| Lean Amine Cooler | 80 | 90 |
Catalytic Cracking
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Naphtha Cooler | 55 | 65 |
| Feed / DFO | 35 | 45 |
| DFO Cooler | 45 | 55 |
| DFO Cooler (300-400 °F) | 80 | 100 |
| Gas Oil / DFO | 40 | 50 |
| Gas Oil / Quench | 35 | 50 |
| Gas Oil / Tar | 30 | 40 |
| Quench or STB / Feed | 35 | 45 |
| Quench / BFW | 60 | 80 |
| Quench or STB Cooler | 30 | 50 |
| Quench and/or STB Cooler (300-400 °F) | 50 | 70 |
| Quench Steam Gen. | 70 | 90 |
| Reduced Crude / Quench | 35 | 45 |
| Reduced Crude / Tar Sep. Btms. | 30 | 40 |
| SYN Tower Condenser | 30 | 40 |
Crude Distillation
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Crude / Heavy Gas Oil | 40 | 50 |
| Crude / Kerosene | 35 | 45 |
| Crude / Light Gas Oil | 40 | 50 |
| Crude / Naphtha | 40 | 50 |
| Crude / Reduced Crude | 25 | 35 |
| Crude / Vac. Tar | 25 | 30 |
| Heavy Gas Oil Cooler | 50 | 50 |
| Heavy Gas Oil Steam Gen. | 100 | 120 |
| Kerosene Cooler | 55 | 65 |
| Light Gas Oil Cooler | 45 | 55 |
| Lube Dist. / Crude | 40 | 50 |
| Naphtha Cooler | 60 | 70 |
| Reduced Crude / Gas Oil | 35 | 45 |
| Reduced Crude / Naphtha | 40 | 50 |
| Reduced Crude Cooler | 20 | 30 |
| Tower Overhead / Crude | 30 | 40 |
| Tower Condenser | 45 | 55 |
| Vac. Tar / Steam Gen. | 45 | 55 |
| Vac. Tar Cooler (box) | 10 | 20 |
Hydrodesulfurization
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Charge / Reactor Effluent | 60 | 70 |
| Charge / Gas Oil Product | 55 | 65 |
| Charge / HTS Off Gas | 50 | 60 |
| HTS Off Gas / Water Condenser | 75 | 85 |
| Stripper Feed / Gas Oil Product | 55 | 65 |
| Stripper Bottoms Cooler | 65 | 75 |
| Stripper Condenser | 55 | 65 |
| Total Gas / Gas Oil Product | 55 | 65 |
Light Ends Processing
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Absorber Intercooler | 60 | 70 |
| Compressor Contactor Cooler | 75 | 90 |
| Deethanizer Condenser | 80 | 100 |
| Deethanizer Reboiler | 80 | 100 |
| Debutanizer Feed / Btms | 60 | 70 |
| Debutanizer Feed Preheater (STM) | 80 | 100 |
| Debutanizer Condenser | 75 | 90 |
| Debutanizer Condenser Aftercooler | 40 | 50 |
| Debutanizer Reboiler (STM) | 80 | 100 |
| Depropanizer Feed / Btms | 70 | 90 |
| Depropanizer Condenser | 90 | 100 |
| Depropanizer Reboiler (Hot Oil) | 55 | 65 |
| Depropanizer Reboiler (STM) | 80 | 100 |
| Fractionating Abs. Reboiler | 75 | 90 |
| Gasoline Cooler | 70 | 80 |
| Lean Oil / Rich Oil Exchanger | 45 | 55 |
| Lean Oil Cooler | 60 | 70 |
| Propane and/or Butane Cooler | 75 | 85 |
| Stabilizer Btms. / Feed | 65 | 75 |
| Stabilizer Condenser | 70 | 90 |
| Stabilizer Reboiler | 75 | 100 |
Lube & Wax Processing
| Extraction | Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | |
|---|---|---|
| Solvent Vapor / Extract Mix (75% Solvent) | 225 | |
| Treating Tower Intercooler | 60 | 100 |
| Solvent / Charge Oil | 20 | 40 |
| Solvent Water Cooler | 90 | |
| Raffinate Oil / Raffinate Oil Mix | 20 | 60 |
| Raffinate Oil / Water Cooler | 25 | 60 |
| Solvent / Raffinate Oil Mix | 30 | |
| Raffinate Oil Mix / Steam | 35 | |
| Raffinate Oil Mix / Steam Evaporator (80% Solvent) | 90 | |
| Raffinate Oil Mix / Steam Evaporator (45% Solvent) | 70 | |
| Raffinate Oil Mix / Steam Evaporator (13% Solvent) | 40 | |
| Atmospheric Solvent Vapors / Extract Mix | 60 | |
| Extract / Water Cooler (Submerged Coil) | 10 | 15 |
| Dry Solvent Vapor (Vacuum) / Water Condenser (+Subcooling) | 60 | |
| CBM / Water Condenser (Subcooling to 150°F) | 120 | |
| Vacuum Pump Aftercooler | 10 | |
| Steam / Steam Superheater | 15 | |
| Extract Mix / Steam Evaporator (80% Solvent) | 90 | |
| Extract Mix / Steam Evaporator (45% Solvent) | 70 | |
| Extract Mix / Steam Evaporator (13% Solv ent) | 40 | |
| Extract Mix / Solvent Vapor (80% Solvent) | 90 | 115 |
| Extract Mix / Solvent Vapor (45% Solvent) | 55 | |
| Extract Mix / Solvent Vapor (13% Solvent) | 35 | |
| Wet Solvent Vapor (Vacuum) / Water Condenser (+Subcooling) | 105 | |
| Extract Mix (10% Solvent) / Extract Mix (80% Solvent) | 15 | |
| Dewaxing | ||
| Cold Pressed Oil Mix / Solvent | 30 | |
| Cold Slack Wax Mix / Steam | 45 | |
| Flue Gas / Ammonia Chiller | 6 | 10 |
| Flue Gas / Water Cooler | 10 | 20 |
| Hot Solvent / Wax Oil | 65 | |
| Pressed Oil / Pressed Oil Mix | 30 | 40 |
| Pressed Oil / Water Cooler (to 150°F) | 25 | |
| Slack Wax / Slack Wax Mix | 30 | |
| Solvent / Ammonia Chiller | 60 | |
| Solvent / Cold Slack Wax Mix | 10 | |
| Solvent / Water Cooler (5# delta P) | 90 | |
| Solvent / Water Cooler (1# delta P) | 70 | |
| Solvent Vapor / Pressed Oil Mix | 45 | 100 |
| Solvent Vapor / Slack Wax Mix | 65 | |
| Solvent Vapor / Pressed Oil | 80 | |
| Solvent Vapor / Pressed Oil | 90 | |
| Solvent Vapor / Slack Wax Mix (3:1 Solvent Ratio) | 80 | |
| Solvent Vapor / Slack Wax Mix (4:1 Solvent Ratio) | 90 | |
| Solvent Vapor / Water Condenser (No Subcooling) | 100 | |
| Steam / Steam Superheater | 15 | |
| Steam / Pressed Oil (2:1 Solvent Ratio) | 15 | 70 |
| Steam / Pressed Oil (3:1 Solvent Ratio) | 35 | 100 |
| Steam / Pressed Oil (4:1 Solvent Ratio) | 125 | |
| Steam / Slack Wax Mix (1:2 Solvent Ratio) | 15 | 70 |
| Steam / Slack Wax Mix (2:1 Solvent Ratio) | 60 | |
| Steam / Slack Wax Mix (3:1 Solvent Ratio) | 70 | |
| Steam / Slack Wax Mix (4:1 Solvent Ratio) | 125 | |
| Warm Wash Heater | 100 | |
| Wax Oil Mix / Ammonia DP Chiller (with Scrapers) | 30 | |
| Wax Oil Mix / Ammonia DP Chiller (without Scrapers) | 20 | |
| Wax Oil Mix / Pressed Oil Mix DP Exchanger | 15 | 20 |
| Wax Oil Mix / Water Cooler | 30 | |
| Wet Solvent Vapor Condenser (with Subcooling) | 75 | |
Naphtha Hydrotreating & Reforming
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Pretreater Reactor Effluent / Charge (Cold End) | 65 | 75 |
| Pretreater Reactor Effluent / Charge (Hot End) | 70 | 80 |
| Pretreater Reactor Effluent Condenser | 80 | 90 |
| Naphtha Splitter Feed / Botomms | 65 | 80 |
| Naphtha Splitter Condenser | 65 | 75 |
| Reactor Effluent Condenser | 80 | 100 |
| Reactor Effluent / Feed (Cold End) | 70 | 85 |
| Reactor Effluent / Feed (Hot End) | 80 | 90 |
| Splitter or Stripper Feed / Pretreater Effluent | 75 | 85 |
| Stabilizer Reboiler (Hot Oil) | 75 | 95 |
Thermal Cracking
| Range, (Btu/h.ft².°F) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Coker Combination TWR Condenser | 40 | 50 |
| Gas Oil / Gas Oil | 30 | 40 |
| G.O. Cracker O’hd Condenser | 45 | 65 |
| Gas Oil Reflux Steam Gen. | 80 | 90 |
| Gasoline / Naphtha Charge | 60 | 80 |
| Thermal Tar Cooler (box) | 10 | 20 |
| Thermal Tar Steam Gen. | 40 | 50 |
| Top Reflux / BFW | 60 | 80 |
| Top Reflux / Naphtha | 60 | 80 |
| Top Reflux / Naphtha Charge | 50 | 60 |
| Top Reflux Cooler | 55 | 65 |
